Text verification
Trace language to its earliest supportable source
Similarity tools flag overlap. Editorial judgment determines quotation, attribution, common phrasing and misrepresentation.
On this page
Manual first pass
- Search one distinctive sentence in quotation marks.
- Compare publication dates, updates and archived versions.
- Separate attributed quotation, boilerplate and common language from copied reporting.
- Open cited sources and confirm that they support the surrounding claim.
- Document the passages and contact the writer before drawing a conclusion.
Writing guidance
Purdue OWL explains quotation, paraphrase and attribution practices.
Historical copies
Wayback Machine can help establish what a page contained at a point in time.
Scholarly identity
ORCID helps distinguish researchers with similar names and trace public research records.
Sources
- Purdue OWLowl.purdue.edu
- Wayback Machineweb.archive.org
- ORCIDorcid.org